Many people think that hair quality is born, and stars with good hair quality are born like their beautiful faces.

There are congenital differences, so I can only envy it. I'm afraid there's no way to solve it except using a knife for cosmetic surgery. But in fact, many fairies' hair is "made" bad the day after tomorrow.

Today, we will talk about the structure of hair, four ways of damaging hair that people often don't pay attention to.

Hair damage can be divided into four categories: physical damage, thermal damage, chemical damage and ultraviolet damage. At ordinary times, people are most concerned about chemical damage, followed by thermal damage, but they have no perception of physical damage and ultraviolet damage, and even unconsciously use the wrong method to double the damage.

[type of hair injury]

1. Physical damage of hair The physical damage of hair is mainly tension and friction.

Stretching: Hair is one of the most elastic natural fibers, and its tensile strength is relatively strong. When wet, the elongation of hair can increase by 30%, but the breaking force decreases and it is easy to break.

Note: When the hair is wet, its strength decreases and it is easy to break when stretched.

Friction: The friction coefficient of hair is higher than that of synthetic fiber because of the special structure of hair scales arranged on the surface of hair, and the friction coefficient of hair will increase with the damage of hair. At the same time, the arrangement of hair scales is unidirectional, so the friction effect of hair is directional, and the friction effect from hair root to hair tip is smaller than that from hair tip to hair root. In addition, the wet friction of hair is higher than that of dry friction, and increases with the increase of relative humidity.

Note: The hair is very afraid of friction, and the friction will be damaged. The friction damage of wet hair is doubled, and the friction damage of reverse hair scales is doubled. What are the common physical hair injuries in daily life?

Comb hair: One of the important causes of physical damage to hair is the pulling force brought by comb and the rubbing force caused by comb teeth. Excessive combing and improper combing will cause the hair to suffer multiple tensile forces and frictional forces, resulting in unnecessary breakage and short hair.

Wet hair: Wet hair is the most vulnerable time. At this time, the only urgent thing to do is to dry it, don't comb it, don't rub it hard with a towel, and don't roll wet hair on the bed. . .

Hair cutting style: Shaving hair with a razor or cutting hair with blunt scissors will seriously damage or even peel off the hair, and the hair cut in this way often has serrated edges of different lengths, which can easily be further damaged and cause a vicious circle. If you find that Teacher Tony uses a scraper or blunt scissors to scratch and spoil your hair, you must stop it or even change the shop where you cut your hair. Points for attention to reduce physical damage to hair

(1) Don't comb your hair too much, it is enough to comb it once in the morning and evening, and the rest of the time, if your hair is knotted, just gently poke it away with your fingers.

(2) Combing hair with natural bristle comb is the most friendly to hair.

(3) When washing your hair, especially before using conditioner, don't pull the knot on your hair.

(4) After shampooing, gently pat dry with a towel, pay attention to the pat! Don't rub hard from front to back, left and right. Rubbing when wet hair will cause serious friction damage to hair.

(5) Don't comb your hair immediately when it is wet after shampooing, and comb your hair after it is dry.

(6) Don't lie on the bed leaning against the sofa with wet hair, causing further friction damage. Sleeping with wet hair does great harm to the body, scalp and hair, which is even more undesirable.

(7) The use of silk pillowcases can reduce the friction damage of hair when sleeping, which is necessary for dishonest sleeping at night.

2. Thermal damage to hair Thermal damage is actually hair damage caused by excessive temperature of hair dryer, curling iron and hair straightener. High temperature can volatilize the moisture in the hair, making it dry, fragile and easy to break. Excessive temperature and pressure (electric splint) will soften the keratin of the hair. Of course, such an ancient means of perming has basically disappeared, and the main points of attention for reducing hair thermal damage are as follows

(1) Choose a high-quality hair dryer with constant temperature and negative ions as basic necessary conditions. When using the hair dryer, keep a certain distance from the hair, and blow it quickly. Do not blow at a close distance to a place, which will cause excessive temperature.

(2) The thermal damage of hair curlers and hair straighteners is greater than that of hair dryers, so it is best to use them as little as possible. In addition, more attention should be paid to product selection, such as thermal control technology. It is worthwhile to spend money on curling iron, hair straightener and hair dryer, otherwise you can't make up for your loss with multiple hair care products. (3) Heat-damaged hair care products can be used before blow molding, which has a certain protective effect. However, these so-called HeatProtection products are essentially the same type of products as disposable hair care/hair oil, so they do not need to be purchased in multiple places and are not limited by their names.

(4) If you often do thermal shaping, you need to take care of your hair frequently and supplement amino acids, lipids and moisturizing factors to make up for the losses caused by thermal damage.

3. Chemical damage to hair Chemical damage to hair refers to the damage caused by the structural change of keratin in hair caused by chemical reaction in hair. These chemical injuries include perming, straightening, dyeing and bleaching. These chemicals all play a role by penetrating into the fur cortex. The fur bears the brunt of damage, and the outermost hydrophobic protective film, that is, fatty acids are decomposed and stripped away. The fur is full of holes, which become rough and peeled off. After chemical damage, the hair loses the outermost hydrophobic protective film, so it becomes very hydrophilic and absorbs water easily, and it is not as easy to blow dry as healthy hair after shampooing. In addition to the damage of the surface hair cuticle, the internal hair cortex is also greatly damaged, and the physical properties such as protein loss, tensile strength decrease and elasticity and toughness change in hair. Moreover, because of the damage of the protective film on the surface hair skin, after the lack of protection, a vicious circle is formed, which is more vulnerable to further damage. In terms of damage degree, bleaching is greater than scalding, permanent dyeing is greater than non-permanent dyeing (acid care). Bleaching and perming are very serious, which will irreversibly destroy the two most critical chemical bonds, namely disulfide bond and peptide bond, and make hair lose bones and muscles and break into a pool. After that, it is impossible to go back to before the damage if you try your best to protect your hair, so be careful. Points for attention in reducing chemical damage to hair

(1) Try to minimize floating and perming. The damage index of dyeing hair is moderate. As long as it is not dyed too frequently, the damage can be controlled within a certain range.

(2) using repair products capable of reducing disulfide bonds, and (3) using deep hair care products containing amino acids

(4) Use weakly acidic hair care products with pH4.5-5.5

(5) Use a hair dryer with negative ions

(6) Using hair oil to make artificial protective film

4. Ultraviolet damage to hair Ultraviolet rays can cause structural changes and photodegradation of hair. After the hair is exposed to ultraviolet rays, the pigment in the hair will be oxidized and discolored. Ultraviolet rays can also degrade cystine, tyrosine and tryptophan in keratin, which makes hair fragile, dry and easy to break. Note: Ultraviolet rays not only age the skin, but also deteriorate the hair. It is not just the skin that needs sun protection. Points for attention in reducing hair ultraviolet damage

(1) The best way is to avoid direct sunlight when ultraviolet rays are strong.

(2) Do a good job in physical sun protection, and wear a hat or umbrella when you are outdoors. The sunscreen of hair has been explained in the previous article, so I won't go into details here.